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Mehdi Sahraian ((ペルシア語: صحرائیان); born July 1946 in Shiraz) is an Iranian university professor from Jahrom, Iran. ==Family background== Sahraian’s paternal line had been raised to the ranks of the Persian nobility of the 19th century. His great grandfather Sayyid Mahmud, as the forerunner of Sahara clan to Jahrom, was the land lord of the Great tobacco plantation of the Hakan region of Jahrom County. During the ruling era of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar (1831–1896), Hakan was considered as one of the major suppliers of the Iranian tobacco market. In 1884-1889 Sayyid Mahmud, as a charitable act, had constructed a large caravanserai, a Turkish bath hamam, and an Ab Anbar reservoir, endowing those welfare facilities (free of charge) to the people of the JAHROM () region and caravan (travellers).〔Caravanserai and hadj Mahmud Public establishments are in existence as Tourism Attractions of Jahrom Region〕 Soon thereafter, for his services to the public welfare, with regard to his influence within the Jahrom county areas, in 1889 Sayyid Mahmud received the governance of the Hakan region from Naser al-Din Shah. In 1930, once the heritor Sayyid Ahmad (as the eldest grandson of the House) was to take over the clan heritage, he had realized that in the text of the bequest deed, which was signed by his grandfather (Sayyid Mahmud), the female members of the Sahara clan were dispossessed from their inheritance benefits. The argument over the equal rights of the female family members on inheritance income gave Sahraian’s father (Sayyid Ahmad) reason enough to abandon the plantation and, in October 1932, move to Shiraz. Upon his arrival, Sahraian’s father had established his commerce office in Saraye Moshir, next to the grand Vakil bazaar of Shiraz. During 1935–1941, the modernization plan of Reza Shah and later the Post-War economic boom (named Wirtschaftswunder) provided Sahraian’s father with the opportunity to expand his commerce export to Western Europe and dominate the sheepskin & leather supply market (holding a majority market share) of the Fars province. The business success enabled Sahraian’s father to join the local social & welfare activities and have a close relationship with the influential Ayatollahs. Between August 1941 to the first quarter of 1942, confiscation of the domestically produced grain and food supply by the Allies and categorical transport of Iranian domestic grain to the Eastern Front under US Army enforcement had caused perpetual shortages of wheat flour and food supply in Iran. In consequence, a widespread hunger followed by starvation and/or malnutrition broke out all over occupied Iran. The Grand Ayatollah Seyyed Hossein Borujerdi, in a message to Sayyid Ahmad, had expressed his expectation for Sahraian’s father to care for the starved families in the south district of Shiraz. During the famine, having solidarity with the family members of the Sahara clan to Jahrom was an obvious matter to Sayyid Ahmad. But to Sahraian’s father, fulfillment of a personal appeal of a Grand Ayatollah of Shia (on a Bazaari commerce-man like himself) was more of a matter of religious worship and national pride. So it was again for Sahraian’s father a decade later, in 1951, when Ayatollah Abol-Ghasem Kashani had issued a fatwa for granting financial support to the movement for the Nationalization of Oil Supplies, led by Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh, which Sahraian’s father (Sayyid Ahmad) did follow and participated in. On his mother’s side, Sahraian’s grandmother (Hyatt BiBi Khanum 1864-1954) was the daughter of Hassan khan, one of the principal line leaders of the Qashqai tribes during the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. During World War I, Hassan khan with his brother Hussein khan were leading the Qashqai armed resistance against British military domination over the trade road of Bushehr. At his father’s suggestion, Sahraian studied foreign languages and philosophy at home under private tutors, and subsequently began reading the literature of western writers. Due to his family background in feeling a sense of responsibility with regard to his homeland and the deprived people, his father’s tolerance in dealing with Jews & Christians who enjoyed his father’s hospitality at his home, the humanitarian based social environment of his birthplace Shiraz, having experienced the unrest of the 1953 Iranian coup d'etat at the age of 7, and the uprising of the Ayatollahs in opposition to the White Revolution of Mohammad Reza Shah at the age of 16, Sahraian left to Austria for higher education in 1963. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mehdi Sahraian」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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